Our Lady of Fatima, formerly known as Our Lady of the Holy Rosary of Fatima, is the Roman Catholic title given to the Blessed Virgin Mary, based on apparitions reported to have been experienced in 1917 by three shepherd children at Fatima, Portugal. After a canonical inquiry, the visions of Fatima were official declared "worthy of belief" in October 1930 by the Bishop of Leira-Fatima.

The Fatima miracle is the most spectacular event in the history of the Rosary. Mary's message was that the power of the Rosary could create peace in a wartorn world. To receive this promise, Mary asked her children to pray the Rosary everyday, do penance and for the Pope in union with the bishops of the world, to consecrate Russia to her immaculate heart. If all these things were done, the world would have peace.

The Block Rosary is a devotion wherein a statue of the Blessed Virgin Mary visits the home of a family for a nine-day Novena (the 9 days can be shared among neighbours). It encourages the family to pray the Rosary everyday not only for their own intentions but for the intentions of the whole community.

In Fatima, a small parish in the centre of Portugal where three shepherd children lived, the children are reported to have experienced in total, six apparitions of the Blessed Virgin Mary, on the 13th of each month between 13 May to 13 October 1917. 

Father Antonio da Silva Rego, Vicar of St Joseph's Church from February 1929 to August 1938, upon returning from Fatima, Portugal, for the consecration of Portugal to our Lady, introduced in 1935, the Fatima devotion to the church. 13th of the month celebrations started and the Sodality of Our Lady of Fatima was formed. As the first church in Singapore to begin monthly devotions to Our Lady of Fatima, St Joseph's Church has since faithfully carried on the devotion every 13th of the month, to honour the Fatima message of penance and prayer.